Common Cold: Causes, Symptoms & Effective Home Remedies

Common Cold: Causes, Symptoms & Effective Home Remedies

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Home Remedies >> Common Cold


Written and Reviewed By :
Dr. Riddhi P. Sardhara.



What is the Common Cold?

The common cold is a viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, also referred to as an upper respiratory infection (URI). Medically known as acute viral rhinopharyngitis or acute coryza, it is the most widespread infectious illness in humans. The primary viruses responsible include rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and parainfluenza viruses.

Causes of the Common Cold

Over 200 types of viruses can cause the common cold. Among them, rhinoviruses are the most prevalent, typically causing mild illness. Other viruses, such as parainfluenza and RSV, may lead to more severe infections in young children, although they generally cause only mild symptoms in adults.

Aggravating Factors

Certain conditions can worsen or trigger the onset of cold symptoms:

  • Pollen season from specific plants.

  • Early mornings and late nights.

  • Cold and damp weather.

  • Younger age.

  • Pre-existing chronic respiratory diseases.

  • Family history of frequent colds.

  • Postnasal drip.


  • Symptoms of the Common Cold

    Common signs and symptoms include:

  • Dry or sore throat.

  • Cough.

  • Mild fever.

  • Sneezing.

  • Hoarseness.

  • Nasal congestion.

  • Mild headache.

  • Itchy nose or soft palate.

  • Runny nose.


  • Home Remedies for the Common Cold

  • Drinking lukewarm water frequently helps flush out toxins and soothe the throat.

  • Take 2-3 gm of licorice (Mulethi) powder with an equal amount of ginger powder and honey, three times daily.

  • Tamarind soup is useful in relieving symptoms during an acute cold.

  • Mix 3 gm of black pepper powder with jaggery and consume twice a day.

  • Honey is a naturally soothing and healing agent that helps strengthen the immune system and alleviate symptoms of the common cold.

  • Boil a piece of ginger in milk and drink it three times a day.

  • Drinking green tea with lemon juice and jaggery can help relieve common cold symptoms by boosting immunity and soothing the throat.

  • Combine raw sugar, black pepper, cinnamon, and ginger powder with honey and warm ghee for relief from hoarseness.

  • Steam inhalation using camphor oil or raw camphor to reduce coughing and ease headaches.

  • Apply camphor mixed with sesame oil to the forehead and around the nose to clear nasal congestion.

  • Inhale a cloth infused with menthol drops to relieve nasal blockage.

  • Roast ajwain seeds or raw camphor, wrap in breathable cloth, and inhale.

  • A soup made with lemon, coriander, and black pepper is beneficial.

  • Roast wheat or millet flour in cow ghee, add raw sugar, ajwain seeds, ginger powder, and water. Drink this mixture twice a day to help clear respiratory blockages.


  • When to See a Doctor

    If you experience excessive coughing with high mucus production, severe shortness of breath, high fever, rapid breathing, chest tightness, or blood in the sputum, it is important to consult a doctor and seek appropriate medical treatment.


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