Gas is a natural byproduct of digestion, and everyone experiences it. Stomach gas is primarily formed when air is swallowed while eating or drinking. Additionally, intestinal gas develops when gut bacteria ferment carbohydrates. The amount of gas in the digestive system depends on undigested food and colonic bacteria. On average, a person produces between 0.6 to 1.8 litres of gas per day. This gas consists of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane.
Although gas is not harmful, an inability to control its release may lead to social discomfort. Most gas in the stomach is expelled through burping, which helps the body release excess air.
Symptoms of Excessive Gas:
Abdominal pain and cramping.
A tight or knotted sensation in the stomach.
Burping.
Excessive passing of gas.
Belching.
Bloating (a feeling of fullness or pressure in the abdomen).
Noticeable swelling of the stomach.
Indigestion.
Flatulence.
Constipation.
Diarrhea.
Heartburn.
While gas is generally not a serious condition, it can be uncomfortable and disrupt daily life.
Common Causes of Gas:
Swallowing air while eating or drinking
Consuming carbonated beverages
Constipation
Chronic intestinal conditions
Overeating
Smoking
Chewing gum
Food intolerances
Digestive disorders such as celiac disease, gastroparesis, or intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Changes in bacterial growth or type in the small intestine
How Gas Moves Through the Digestive System?
When air is swallowed, it stays in the stomach for a while before gradually moving through the digestive tract. Peristalsis helps push gas through the small intestine. Upon entering the colon, gas movement slows down before eventually being released through the anus. While little to no air is swallowed during sleep, the body tends to pass the most gas at night.
Preventive Measures for Gas:
Eat and drink slowly to reduce air intake.
Avoid lying down or sleeping immediately after meals.
Avoid carbonated drinks.
Refrain from chewing gum and hard candies.
Exercise regularly to maintain a healthy digestive system.
Avoid smoking, as it causes you to swallow air along with inhaled smoke.
Manage conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
When to See a Doctor?
If gas is persistent and accompanied by severe pain, vomiting, diarrhea, blood in the stool, or unexplained weight loss, consult a doctor immediately. These symptoms could indicate a more serious underlying condition.
Tips to Manage Excessive Gas:
Take over-the-counter medications after consulting a doctor or pharmacist.
Practice yoga to relieve gas and support gut health. Beneficial poses include:
- Pawanmuktasana (Wind-Relieving Pose)
- Balasana (Child's Pose)
- Paschimottanasana (Seated Forward Bend).
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