Diarrhea refers to frequent, loose, and watery stools, occurring more often than usual. It is a common condition, with most people experiencing it a few times a year. Also known as gastroenteritis, diarrhea can vary in duration and severity.
Types of Diarrhea:
Short-duration watery diarrhoea - Often linked to infections such as cholera.
Short-duration bloody diarrhoea - Also known as dysentery, characterized by the presence of blood in stools.
Persistent diarrhoea - Lasting more than two weeks, either watery or bloody.
Symptoms of Diarrhea:
Frequent loose, watery stools
Abdominal pain or cramps
Blood or mucus in the stool
Fever
Dizziness
Fatigue
Mucus in the stool
Blood in the stool
Bloating
Nausea
When to See a Doctor:
Seek medical attention if diarrhea lasts more than a week, is accompanied by severe abdominal pain, or if fever exceeds 39°C (102°F). In young children, dehydration can occur quickly, so if symptoms persist for over 24 hours, consult a doctor immediately.
Common Causes of Diarrhea:
Bacterial infection.
Viral and parasitic infections from contaminated food or water.
Lactose intolerance.
Gallbladder or abdominal surgery.
Artificial sweeteners like sorbitol and mannitol, are commonly found in chewing gum.
Digestive disorders such as ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis, Crohn's disease, and irritable bowel syndrome.
Preventive Measures:
Maintain proper food hygiene and avoid street food.
Ensure access to safe drinking water.
Be aware of how infections spread.
Practice good personal hygiene.
Avoid raw or undercooked meat and seafood.
Improve sanitation systems.
Wash hands regularly, especially before eating or handling food.
If adults lose sleep due to diarrhea, they should seek medical care as soon as possible, as this is often a sign of a more serious condition.
Management Tips:
Stay hydrated with water, fruit juices, or broth.
Follow a BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast).
Consume probiotics like yogurt.
Avoid fatty, fried foods, caffeinated beverages, and raw vegetables.
Drink an oral rehydration solution to replenish lost minerals.
"Happy gut, happy you!".
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